The descendants of Philip V of Spain, Bourbon monarch of the Kingdom of Spain, Kingdom of Naples, Kingdom of Sardinia and Kingdom of Sicily are numerous. He had two wives; by his first wife Maria Luisa of Savoy he had two children. After the death of his first wife Philip married Elisabeth of Parma and they had children. Philip's descendants have formed a major part of history around the globe; several becoming monarchs of Spain, Portugal and Sardinia.
His descendants also founded several cadet houses; the House of Bourbon-Two Sicilies in the Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, the House of Bourbon-Parma in the Duchy of Parma and the House of Orléans-Braganza in the Empire of Brazil.[1] This article deals with the children of Philip V and in turn their senior descendants.
Contents |
Philip was born at the Palace of Versailles[2] in France. His older brother, Louis de France, duc de Bourgogne, was in line to the throne right after his father, Le Grand Dauphin, thus leaving him and his younger brother, Charles de France, duc de Berry little expectation to ever rule over France.
In the year 1700, the King of Spain, Charles II, died. Charles' will named the 16-year old Philip, the grandson of Charles' sister Maria Theresa of Spain, as his successor.[3] Upon any possible refusal the Crown of Spain would be offered next to Philip's younger brother Charles, duc de Berry, or, next, to Archduke Charles of Austria.[3]
Both claimants had a legal right due to the fact that Philip's grandfather, King Louis XIV of France and Charles's father, Holy Roman Emperor Leopold, were both the husbands of Charles' older half sisters and sons of Charles' aunts.
Philip had the better claim because his grandmother and great-grandmother were older than Leopold's. However, the Austrian branch claimed that Philip's grandmother had renounced the Spanish throne for her descendants as part of her marriage contract. This was countered by the French branch's claim that it was on the basis of a dowry that had never been paid.[4]
After a long council meeting where the Dauphin spoke up in favour of his son's rights, it was agreed that Philip would ascend the throne but would forever renounce his claim to the throne of France for himself and his descendants.[5] It was not difficult to see whether Louis would have refused, as a Habsburg ruler in Spain would have put a possible enemy on three frontiers.
After the Royal Council decided to accept Charles' will naming Philip King of Spain, the Spanish ambassador was called in and introduced to his new King. The ambassador, along with his son, knelt before Philip and made a long speech in Spanish which Philip did not understand, although Louis XIV did. Ironically, Philip had only begun taking Spanish lessons that day.
However, the other powers of Europe contested the idea, eventually leading to the War of Spanish Succession (1701–1714). Although Philip was allowed to remain on the Spanish throne, Spain was forced to cede Minorca and Gibraltar to Great Britain; the Spanish Netherlands, Naples, Milan, and Sardinia to the Austrian Habsburgs; and Sicily and parts of the Milanese to Savoy.[6]
These losses greatly diminished the Spanish Empire in Europe, which had already been in decline. Throughout his reign, Philip sought to reverse the decline of Spanish power as Great Britain increasingly began to dominate at sea.
| Descendent | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Louis I of Spain 1707–1724 |
25 August 1707 Madrid son of Philip V of Spain and Maria Luisa of Savoy |
Louise Elisabeth of Orléans 20 January 1722 No children |
31 August 1724 Madrid aged 17 |
| Descendent | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ferdinand VI of Spain 1713–1759 |
23 September 1713 Madrid son of Philip V of Spain and Maria Luisa of Savoy |
Barbara of Portugal 20 January 1729 No children |
10 August 1759 Villaviciosa de Odón, Madrid aged 45 |
| Descendent | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Marianna Victoria of Spain 1718–1781 |
31 March 1718 Madrid daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elizabeth Farnese |
Joseph I of Portugal 19 January 1729 4 children |
15 January 1781 Lisbon aged 62 |
|
| Maria I of Portugal 1781–1816 |
17 December 1734 Lisbon daughter of Marianna Victoria of Spain and Joseph I of Portugal |
Peter III of Portugal 6 June 1760 6 children |
20 March 1816 Rio de Janeiro aged 81 |
|
| John VI of Portugal 1816–1826 |
13 May 1767 Lisbon son of Maria I of Portugal and Peter III of Portugal |
Charlotte of Spain 8 May 1785 7 children |
10 March 1826 Lisbon aged 58 |
|
| Pedro I of Brazil 1826–1834 |
12 October 1798 Lisbon son of John VI of Portugal and Charlotte of Spain |
Maria Leopoldina of Austria 1817 7 children Amélie of Leuchtenberg 1829 1 child |
24 September 1834 Lisbon aged 35 |
|
| Pedro II of Brazil 1834–1891 |
2 December 1825 Rio de Janeiro son of Pedro I of Brazil and Maria Leopoldina of Austria |
Teresa of the Two Sicilies 17 September 1842 4 children |
5 December 1891 Paris aged 66 |
|
| Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil 1891–1921 |
29 July 1846 Rio de Janeiro daughter of Pedro II of Brazil and Teresa of the Two Sicilies |
Prince Gaston, Count of Eu 15 October 1864 3 children |
14 November 1921 Eu, Seine-Maritime aged 75 |
|
| Prince Pedro de Alcantara of Orléans-Braganza 1921–1940 |
28 April 1842 son of Prince Gaston, Count of Eu and Isabel of Brazil |
Elisabeth Dobrzensky 14 November 1908 5 children |
29 January 1940 aged 98 |
|
| Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza 1940–2007 |
19 February 1913 Eu, Seine-Maritime son of Prince Pedro de Alcantara of Orléans-Braganza and Elisabeth Dobrzensky |
Maria de la Esperanza of the Two Sicilies 18 December 1944 Seville 6 children |
27 December 2007 Villamanrique de la Condesa aged 94 |
|
| Prince Pedro Carlos of Orléans-Braganza 2007–present |
31 October 1945 Rio de Janeiro son of Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza and Maria de la Esperanza of the Two Sicilies |
Rony Kuhn de Souza 2 September 1975 1 child Patricia Alexandra Brascomb 16 July 1981 1 child |
| Descendent | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Philip, Duke of Parma 1720–1765 |
15 March 1720 Madrid son of Philip V of Spain and Elizabeth of Parma |
Princess Louise Élisabeth of France 25 October 1739 3 children |
18 July 1765 Alessandria aged 45 |
|
| Ferdinand, Duke of Parma 1765–1802 |
20 January 1751 Parma son of Philip, Duke of Parma and Princess Louise Élisabeth of France |
Archduchess Marie Amalie of Austria 19 July 1769 7 children |
9 October 1802 Fontevivo aged 51 |
|
| Louis of Etruria 1802–1803 |
5 July 1773 Rome son of Ferdinand, Duke of Parma and Archduchess Maria Amalia of Austria |
Maria Luisa of Spain, Duchess of Lucca 25 August 1795 2 children |
27 May 1803 Florence aged 30 |
|
| Charles II, Duke of Parma 1883–1803 |
22 December 1799 Madrid son of Louis of Etruria and Maria Luisa of Spain, Duchess of Lucca |
Maria Teresa of Savoy 5 September 1820 2 children |
16 April 1883 Nice aged 84 |
|
| Robert I, Duke of Parma 1883–1907 |
9 July 1848 Florence son of Charles III, Duke of Parma and Louise Marie Thérèse d'Artois |
Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies 1869 12 children Maria Antonia of Portugal 1884 12 children |
16 November 1907 Viareggio aged 63 |
|
| Henry, Duke of Parma 1907–1939 |
13 June 1873 Wartegg son of Robert I, Duke of Parma and Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies |
never married | 16 November 1939 Pianore aged 66 |
|
| Joseph, Duke of Parma 1939–1950 |
30 June 1875 Biarritz son of Robert I, Duke of Parma and Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies |
never married | 7 January 1950 Pianore aged 75 |
|
| Elias, Duke of Parma 1950–1959 |
23 July 1880 Biarritz son of Robert I, Duke of Parma and Maria Pia of the Two Sicilies |
Maria Anna of Austria 25 May 1903 Vienna 8 children |
27 June 1959 Friedberg aged 79 |
|
| Robert II, Duke of Parma 1959–1974 |
7 August 1909 Weilburg son of Elias, Duke of Parma and Maria Anna of Austria |
never married | 25 November 1974 Vienna aged 65 |
|
| Elisabetta of Bourbon-Parma 1974–1983 |
17 March 1904 Vienna daughter of Elias, Duke of Parma and Maria Anna of Austria |
never married | 13 June 1983 Bad Ischl aged 79 |
|
| Alicia, Duchess of Calabria 1983–present |
13 November 1917 Vienna daughter of Elias, Duke of Parma and Maria Anna of Austria |
Infante Alfonso, Duke of Calabria 30 November 1901 3 children |
| Descendent | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain 1726–1746 |
11 June 1726 Madrid daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elizabeth of Parma |
Louis, Dauphin of France 23 February 1745 1 child |
22 July 1746 Versalles aged 20 |
|
| Marie-Thérèse de France 1746–1748 |
19 July 1746 daughter of Maria Teresa Rafaela of Spain and Louis, Dauphin of France |
never married | 27 April 1748 aged 2 |
| Descendent | Portrait | Birth | Marriages | Death |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maria Antonietta of Spain 1729–1785 |
17 November 1729 Seville daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elizabeth of Parma |
Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia 12 children |
19 September 1785 Moncalieri aged 56 |
|
| Charles Emmanuel IV of Sardinia 1785–1802 |
24 May 1751 Turin son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Bourbon |
Marie Clotilde of France 1775 No children |
6 October 1819 Rome aged 68 |
|
| Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia 1802–1821 |
24 July 1759 Turin son of Victor Amadeus III of Sardinia and Maria Antonietta of Bourbon |
Maria Teresa of Austria-Este 21 April 1789 7 children |
10 January 1824 Moncalieri aged 65 |
|
| Maria Beatrice of Savoy 1821–1840 |
6 December 1792 daughter of Victor Emmanuel I of Sardinia and Maria Teresa of Austria-Este |
Francis IV, Duke of Modena 20 June 1812 4 children |
15 September 1840 aged 48 |
|
| Francis V, Duke of Modena 1840–1875 |
1 June 1819 Modena son of Maria Beatrice of Savoy and Francis IV, Duke of Modena |
Princess Adelgunde of Bavaria 30 March 1842 1 child |
20 November 1875 Vienna aged 56 |
|
| Maria Theresia of Austria-Este 1875–1919 |
2 July 1849 Brno daughter of Ferdinand of Austria-Este and Elisabeth of Austria |
Ludwig III of Bavaria 13 child |
7 November 1918 Chiemgau aged 69 |
|
| Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria 1919–1955 |
18 May 1869 Munich son of Maria Theresia of Austria-Este and Ludwig III of Bavaria |
Maria Gabrielle in Bavaria 10 July 1900 Munich 4 children Princess Antonia of Luxembourg 7 April 1921 Lenggries 6 children |
2 August 1955 Schloß Leutstetten aged 86 |
|
| Albrecht, Duke of Bavaria 1955–1996 |
3 May 1905 Munich son of Rupprecht, Crown Prince of Bavaria and Maria Gabrielle in Bavaria |
Countess Maria Draskovich von Trakostjan 1930 4 children Countess Marie-Jenke Keglevich von Buzin 1971 No children |
8 July 1996 Castle Berg aged 91 |
|
| Franz, Duke of Bavaria 1996–present |
14 July 1933 Munich son of Albrecht, Duke of Bavaria and Countess Maria Draskovich von Traskotjan |
not married |